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1.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 45(1): 22-27, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-791330

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El abordaje de los problemas de salud mental de la población colombiana hace necesario disponer de instrumentos diagnósticos válidos, fáciles de aplicar y comparables (local e internacionalmente). Objetivo: Comparar la sensibilidad y la especificidad diagnóstica entre el CIDI 3.0 y el SCID-! para el trastorno depresivo mayor, el trastorno afectivo bipolar I y II y el trastorno por dependencia de sustancias. Metodología: Estudio transversal que comparó en 100 sujetos las prevalencias de vida de tres trastornos mentales por medio del CIDI 3.0 y el SCID-I. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética Institucional. Se midieron la sensibilidad, la especificidad, el valor predictivo positivo y el valor predictivo negativo (con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%) de las dos entrevistas diagnósticas. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el software SPSS® versión 21.0. Resultados: La mediana de edad fue 43,5 [intervalo intercuartílico, 30] anos. La sensibilidad (Se) y la especificidad (Es) más altas se observaron en el diagnóstico de trastorno por dependencia de drogas -Se, 80% (IC95%, 34,94%-100%); Es, 98,46% (IC95%, 94,7%-100%)-. Conclusiones: El SCID-I y el CIDI 3.0 mostraron diferentes niveles de sensibilidad y especificidad para los tres trastornos estudiados así: altas para el trastorno por dependencia de sustancias, moderadas para el trastorno afectivo bipolar I y II y bajas para el trastorno depresivo mayor.


Introduction: In order to address the mental health problems of the Colombian population it is necessary to have diagnostic tools (local and international) that are valid, easy to apply, and comparable. Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity between the CIDI 3.0 and the SCID-I for major depressive disorder, bipolar I and II disorder, and substance dependence disorder. Methodology: Cross-sectional study comparing the life prevalence of three mental disorders in 100 subjects using the CIDI 3.0 and the SCID-I. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The two diagnostic interviews were performed that measured by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value with confidence intervals of 95%. The SPSS version 21.0 software was used for data analysis. Results: The median age was 43.5 years, with an interquartile interval of 30 years. The highest sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) was observed for drug dependence diagnosis - with 80%, (95%CI, 34.94-100), and 98.46 (95%CI, 94.7-100), respectively. Conclusions: SCID-I and CIDI 3.0 showed different levels of sensitivity and specificity for the three disorders studied with: high for substance dependence disorder, moderate for bipolar disorder I and II, and low for major depressive disorder.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Software , Mental Health , Health Surveys , Mental Disorders , Research , Bipolar Disorder , Cross-Sectional Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Surveys and Questionnaires , Ethics Committees , Substance-Related Disorders , Depressive Disorder, Major , Data Analysis
2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(7): 873-880, 1jan. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-696007

ABSTRACT

The etiological treatment of Chagas disease is recommended for all patients with acute or recent chronic infection, but controversies remain regarding the benefit of chemotherapy and interpretations of the parasitological cure after etiological treatment. This study compares the laboratory and clinical evaluations of Chagas disease patients who were diagnosed 13 years earlier. Fifty-eight Chagas disease patients (29 treated with benznidazole and 29 untreated) were matched at the time of treatment based on several variables. Conventional serology revealed the absence of seroconversion in all patients. However, lower serological titres were verified in the treated group, primarily among patients who had the indeterminate form of the disease. Haemoculture performed 13 years after the intervention was positive for 6.9% and 27.6% of the treated and untreated patients, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction tests were positive for 44.8% and 13.8% of the treated and untreated patients, respectively. Patients who presented with the indeterminate form of the disease at the beginning of the study exhibited less clinical progression (17.4%) compared with the untreated group (56.5%). Therefore, this global analysis revealed that etiological treatment with benznidazole may benefit patients with respect to the clinical progression of Chagas disease and the prognosis, particularly when administered to patients with the indeterminate form of the disease.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Chagas Disease/drug therapy , Nitroimidazoles/therapeutic use , Trypanocidal Agents/therapeutic use , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Disease Progression , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies
3.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 28(5): 353-360, nov. 2010. graf, mapas, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-573959

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO. Descrever as características epidemiológicas da malária e seus principais determinantes no Município de Cruzeiro do Sul, no Estado do Acre, Brasil, entre 1998 e 2008 MÉTODOS. Este estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, utilizou dados secundários disponíveis nos sistemas de informação em malária desenvolvidos pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil (SISMAL/SIVEP-Malária). Os dados foram analisados no software TABLEAU®. Dados geo-espaciais foram obtidos para avaliar a distribuição dos casos de malária. RESULTADOS: A incidência parasitária anual (IPA) de 27 casos/1-000 habitantes em 1998 chegou a 571,5 casos/1-000 habitantes em 2006, quando a cidade registrou sua maior epidemia, subsequente ao estabelecimento de um programa estadual de incentivo à perfuração de tanques para piscicultura, em 2005. As localidades rurais apresentaram maior número de casos. Entretanto, as localidades periurbanas que possuíam tanques de piscicultura tiveram IPAs mais elevadas do que áreas sem tanques. Após a intensificação das ações do Programa Nacional de Controle da Malária, a IPA diminuiu para 152,9 casos/1-000 habitantes em 2008. CONCLUSÕES. O incentivo a atividades econômicas em áreas periurbanas de transmissão instável de malária, típicas da América Latina, deve ser muito bem planejado. O controle da malária em Cruzeiro do Sul baseou-se em estratégias integradas implementadas simultaneamente pelos governos federal, estadual e municipal, como preconizado pelo Plano Nacional de Controle da Malária. É importante ressaltar a utilidade de um bom sistema de informação como o SIVEP-Malária para estimar a carga de doença e monitorar de forma eficiente o impacto das intervenções.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and its main determinants in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul, State of Acre, Brazil, between 1998 and 2008. METHODS: This descriptive, retrospective study was carried out with secondary data available from the malaria information systems developed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (SISMAL/SIVEP-Malária). The data were analyzed using the TABLEAU® software. Geospatial data were obtained to assess the distribution of malaria cases. RESULTS: The annual parasite incidence (API) of 27 cases/1 000 population in 1998 reached 571.5 cases/1 000 population in 2006, the year in which the city recorded its largest epidemics, following the establishment of a state program that encouraged the digging of tanks for fish farming in 2005. Rural sites had the highest number of cases. However, peri-urban locations with fish tanks had higher APIs than peri-urban areas without tanks. Following the strengthening of control actions by the National Malaria Control Program, the API in Cruzeiro do Sul dropped to 152.9 cases/1 000 population in 2008. CONCLUSIONS: The type of economic activity fostered in peri-urban areas characterized by unstable malaria transmission, which are typical of Latin America, must be very well planned. Malaria control in Cruzeiro do Sul relied on integrated strategies implemented simultaneously by federal, state, and city governments, as recommended by the National Malaria Control Program. It is important to underscore the usefulness of a reliable information system such as SIVEP-Malária to estimate the burden of disease and efficiently monitor the impact of interventions.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Malaria/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 104(8): 1139-1147, Dec. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538174

ABSTRACT

Twenty-eight Chagas disease patients (CD), 22 with the indeterminate clinical form (IND) and six with the cardiac or digestive form (CARD/DIG), were treated with benznidazole and underwent clinical and laboratorial analysis before (IND and CARD/DIG) and nine years after [patients after treatment (CDt), patients with the indeterminate clinical form at treatment onset (INDt) and with the cardiac or digestive form at treatment onset (CARD/DIGt)] treatment. The data demonstrate that 82.1 percent of CDt patients (23/28) remained clinically stable and 95.4 percent of the INDt (21/22) and 33.3 percent of the CARD/DIGt (2/6) patients showed unaltered physical and laboratorial examinations. The clinical evolution rate was 2 percent/year and was especially low in INDt patients (0.5 percent/year) relative to CARD/DIGt patients (7.4 percent/year). Positive haemoculture in treated patients was observed in 7.1 percent of the cases. None of the INDt (0/21) and 33.3 percent of the CARD/DIGt (2/6) patients displayed positive cultures. The PCR presented a positive rate significantly higher (85.2 percent, 23/27) than haemoculture and two samples from the same patient revealed the same result 57.7 percent of the patients. Conventional serology-ELISA on 16 paired samples remained positive in all individuals. Semi-quantitative ELISA highlighted significant decreases in reactivity, particularly in INDt relative to IND. Non-conventional serology-FC-ALTA-IgG, after treatment, showed positive results in all sera and 22 paired samples examined at seven and nine years after treatment, demonstrated significantly lower reactivity, particularly in INDt patients. This study was retrospective in nature, had a low number of samples and lacked an intrinsic control group, but the data corroborate other results found in the literature. The data also demonstrate that, even though a cure has not been detected in the none-treated patients, the benefits for clinical evolution ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Chagas Disease/drug therapy , Nitroimidazoles/therapeutic use , Trypanocidal Agents/therapeutic use , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/drug therapy , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/immunology , Chagas Disease/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
5.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 45(5): 269-274, Sept.-Oct. 2003. mapas, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-356982

ABSTRACT

A prevalência da infecção pelo Trypanosoma cruzi foi avaliada no município de Berilo, Minas Gerais, Brasil, no período de janeiro a julho de 1997. Uma amostra de 2.261 indivíduos foi estudada sorologicamente mediante o teste de imunofluorescência indireta em sangue coletado em papel de filtro. A taxa de prevalência foi de 18 por cento no total da população estudada e 50 por cento em pessoas da área rural maiores de 30 anos. A percentagem de soropositividade foi 0,17 por cento entre os menores de 10 anos estudados, o que sugere que a transmissão vetorial está controlada na área. Observamos uma diminuição na taxa de soroprevalência entre as pessoas nascidas após 1960 e 1970 o que teria relação com o início das ações de controle. Observou-se também uma redução na taxa de infecção pelo T. cruzi quando comparamos os nossos achados com as estimativas de infecção registradas em um estudo sorológico realizado em Berilo em 1983.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child, Preschool , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adult , Middle Aged , Chagas Disease , Age Distribution , Antibodies, Protozoan , Brazil , Chagas Disease , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Prevalence , Rural Population , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Trypanosoma cruzi , Urban Population
6.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 9(5): 349-359, abr. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-346586

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en Colombia se estima que existen 1.200.000 personas infectadas con T. cruzi. Los estudios publicados sobre cardiomiopatía chagásica en Colombia han sido usualmente descritos en hospitales de tercer nivel. Objetivo: caracterizar desde el punto de vista clínico y electrocardiográfico la cardiomiopatía chagásica crónica en centros de atención primaria en un área endémica. Diseño del estudio: estudio descriptivo, seccional de morbilidad en población chagásica y no chagásica no seleccionadas. Lugar del estudio: municipios de San Eduardo, Zetaquira y Campohermoso, Boyacá. Pacientes: 405 individuos. Mediciones: se consideraron: edad, sexo, escolaridad, antecedentes, síntomas y signos físicos y hallazgos electrocardiográfícos. Se practicaron serologías por test de ELISA e IFI. Se estableció como seropositivo aquel paciente con positividad en las dos pruebas y seronegativo aquél con resultado negativo en las dos técnicas. Análisis estadístico: se calcularon promedios y proporciones de las distintas variables para los dos grupos de acuerdo con el nivel de medición y se establecieron las diferencias de proporciones entre ellos, tomando un nivel de significación del 0.5 por ciento. Resultados: 405 individuos, 205 seropositivos y 200 seronegativos (control). Edad promedio 45 años, 58 por ciento del sexo femenino para ambos grupos. El 80 por ciento del total de los dos grupos no alcanzó un nivel de escolaridad mayor al de primaria completa. Los hallazgos significativos a favor del grupo de seropositivos fueron: contacto con triatominios (p.-O.OOOl), Chagas en hermanos (p :0.01), muerte súbita en hermanos (p:0.04), sensación de palpitaciones (p:0.05), presíncope (p:0.005), angina (p:0.03), insuficiencia mitral (p:0.004), bloqueo de rama derecha (p:0.01), bloqueo bifascicular (p :0.007) y trastornos de la repolarización (p;0.008). Conclusiones: los hallazgos observados en el grupo de pacientes seropositivos con diagnóstico de cardiomiopatía de Chagas, corresponden a estadios clínicos I y II de la enfermedad. La edad media, el predominio en el sexo femenino, el pobre nivel de escolaridad, los antecedentes personales y familiares, son de resaltar por su impacto socio-económico


Subject(s)
Chagas Disease , Electrocardiography/methods , Electrocardiography , Morbidity
7.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 21(4): 313-319, dic. 2001.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-315795

ABSTRACT

Entre noviembre de 1999 y abril de 2000 se presentó una epidemia de malaria en el departamento de La Guajira que alcanzó, 5.687 casos, 3.401 causados por Plasmodium falciparum, 2.256 por Plasmodium vivax y 30 casos diagnosticados como infección mixta. Dadas las características propias del departamento de La Guajira y de la transmisión de malaria allí, se consideró que existian las condiciones favorables para usar una prueba rápida de diagnóstico de campo. En este estudio se evaluó y comparó el diagnóstico por inmunocromatografía rápida con la gota gruesa como estándar de oro en los municipios de Dibulla, Manaure y Riohacha. La conducta con el paciente se basó en el resultado de la prueba rápida. Sin embargo, los resultados obtenidos en la gota gruesa se tuvieron en cuenta para modificar la conducta inicial con el paciente, en caso de que los resultados de las pruebas fueran discordantes. Se procesaron 231 muestras sanguíneas obtenidas por punción capilar. La sensibilidad y la especificidad generales del método inmunocromatográfico fueron de 98.7 por ciento y 99,3 por ciento, respectivamente, en tanto que para P. falciparum fueron de 98,1 por ciento y 76,9 por ciento, y para P. vivax de 90,9 por ciento y 100 por ciento. El índice de concordancia fue 0.98; el valor predictivo positivo, 98,7 por ciento, y el valor predictivo negativo, 99,3 por ciento. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la prueba inmunocromatográfica (OptiMal) es una alternativa adecuada para realizar el diagnóstico de malaria en lugares donde no se realiza el diagnóstico microscópico


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Malaria
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